欧盟日前批准了一项碳税改革，到2030年将排放量从2005年的水平减少62%
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这项改革通过碳排放许可和对排放密集型进口产品征税，使得各个行业的排放成本更高
欧盟计划设立一个867亿欧元的基金，以减轻碳税改革带来的冲击
中国石化新闻网讯 据油价网4月26日报道，日前欧盟最终批准了一项碳税改革，该改革将使各工业行业面临继续排放的更高成本，并激励他们转向风能和太阳能。
欧洲议会(European Parliament)上周批准了这项改革，将把欧盟的碳排放许可制度扩展到更多行业，包括航空和海运，并减少这些许可证的可用性，以期到2034年完全淘汰高耗能碳排放。
四年内，碳排放许可制度将进一步扩大，覆盖汽车和建筑的排放。为了减缓对工业的冲击力度，欧盟计划设立一个867亿欧元的基金。这笔资金将从碳排放许可的销售中筹集。
在过去的几年里，出于对改革的预期这些许可证的价格飙升。事实上，路透社在一份报告中指出，自2020年初以来，每吨二氧化碳的价格已经增长了两倍，达到88欧元。
4月早些时候公布的初步数据显示，尽管碳排放成本有所增加，但去年的碳排放仅下降了1.2%至1.6%。这些数据涵盖了目前在排放交易制度范围内的行业：发电和重工业。
该项改革目标是到2030年将欧盟的排放量从2005年的水平减少62%，为此欧盟还同意从2026年起对排放密集型进口产品征税。将被征收新关税的进口商品包括钢铁、水泥、铝、化肥、电力和氢气。
征收碳税的目的是让欧洲的此类产品生产商与那些没有像欧盟那样严格的排放相关立法的国家处于更加平等的地位。
欧盟24个成员国中的大多数对改革投了赞成票，波兰和匈牙利投了反对票，比利时和保加利亚弃权。
寿琳玲 编译自 油价网
原文如下：
The EU Just Made Emissions Even More Expensive
The EU approved a carbon tax reform to reduce emissions by 62% from 2005 levels by 2030.
The reform makes emissions more expensive for various industries through carbon permits and the introduction of a tax on emission-intensive imports.
The EU plans to soften the blow of the carbon tax reform by setting up an 86.7-billion-euro fund.
The European Union finalized the approval of a carbon tax reform that will see polluting industries face higher costs for continuing to generate emissions and incentivize the switch to wind and solar.
Approved by the European Parliament last week, the reform will see the EU’s carbon permit regime extended to more industries, including air and maritime transport, and reduce the availability of these permits with a view to phasing them out entirely by 2034.
In four years, the carbon permit regime will extend further to cover emissions from cars and buildings. To soften the blow, the EU plans to set up an 86.7-billion-euro fund. The money will be raised from the sales of carbon permits.
The price of these permits has soared in the past couple of years, largely in anticipation of the reform. In fact, since the start of 2020, the price per ton of carbon dioxide has tripled to 88 euros, Reuters noted in a report.
Even with this increase in the cost of generating carbon emissions, last year those fell just 1.2% to 1.6%, according to preliminary data released earlier this month. The data covered the industries that are currently within the scope of the emission-trading regime: power generation and heavy industry.
The goal is to reduce the bloc’s emissions by 62% from 2005 levels by 2030, to which end the EU also agrees to introduce a tax on emission-intensive imports from 2026 onward. The import goods that will be subject to the new tax include steel, cement, aluminum, fertilizers, electricity, and hydrogen.
The levy aims to put European producers of such goods on a more equal footing with countries that don’t have as stringent emission-related legislation as the European Union.
A majority of 24 member states voted in favor of the reform, Poland and Hungary voted against it, and Belgium and Bulgaria abstained.
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